what is an unequal access to power, property, and prestige based on ones sex?

1.5: Social Stratification and Intersectionality

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• 
• Erika Gutierrez, Janét Hund, Shaheen Johnson, Carlos Ramos, Lisette Rodriguez, & Joy Tsuhako
• Faculty (Sociology) at Long Embankment Urban center College, Cerritos College, & Saddleback College
• Source: ASCCC Open up Educational Resources Initiative (OERI)

Social Stratification

Figure \(\PageIndex{one}\) and \(\PageIndex{2}\): (left) Two individuals on escalator inside building. In the upper echelons of the working globe, people with the about power reach the meridian. (CC BY-NC 2.0; Alex Proimos via Flickr). (right) The people who live in these houses most likely share like a similar social form, with like levels of income and educational activity. (CC BY 2.0; Orin Zebest via Flickr).

Contempo Economic Changes and U.Southward. Stratification

Figure \(\PageIndex{3}\): "COVID-nineteen Sequoyah." This statue of Sequoyah, originator of the Cherokee language, is show wearing a mask during the 2020 COVID-19 pandemic. (CC BY-SA 2.0; Gerry Dincher via Flickr)

Figure \(\PageIndex{iv}\): Economic fallout from COVID-19. (Used with permission; About half of lower-income Americans report household job or wage loss due to covid-19, Pew Research Center, Washington, D.C. (2020))

Social Course Stratification

Figure \(\PageIndex{five}\): Man Praying on Sidewalk with Food in Forepart of Him. (CC BY 4.0; Sergio Omassi via Pexels)

Thinking Sociologically

Figure \(\PageIndex{6}\): Michael Eric Dyson attending a candlelight vigil on the 44th anniversary of Martin Luther Male monarch, Jr.'s assassination, at the King memorial in Washington D.C. (CC BY ii.0; Jean Song/MEDILL via Wikimedia)

Racial Stratification

Figure \(\PageIndex{7}\): "Haskell Indian Nations University" sign in Lawrence, Kansas. (CC BY-NC-SA ii.0; miracc via Flickr)

Table \(\PageIndex{8}\): Socioeconomic Indicators by Race-Ethnicity (2014-2015). (Chart created by Jonas Oware with information from the Pew Research Centre)

Socioeconomic Indicators	Black	AAPI	White	Latinx
Higher Degree (% of 25 year+ adults)	23	53	36	15
High School Completion (% of 25 years adults)	88	89	93	67
Home Buying (% of Householders Owning a Home)	43	57	72	45
Household Income	$43,000	$77,900	$71,300	$43,000
Poverty (% in poverty)	26	12	10	24
Unemployment Rate (%)	ten.3	3.6	4.5	7.6

Figure \(\PageIndex{nine}\): Median Household Wealth in U.S. Dollars (2016). While all households averaged just under $100,000 in wealth, white non-Latinx household held more than than $160,000 in wealth with Latinx and Blackness households averaging well under $20,000. Other or multiple races households averaged approximately $60,000 in wealth. (Nautical chart created by Jonas Oware with data from Statista)

Gender Stratification

i. Why do people need and employ gender labels?
ii. Why practice people create gender roles or expectations?
iii. Practise gender labels and roles influence limitations on individuals or the social world? Explain.

Video \(\PageIndex{ten}\): Race - The Power of an Illusion: How the Racial Wealth Gap Was Created. (Close-captioning and other settings appear at the bottom of the screen.) (Fair Apply; California Newsreel via Vimeo: https://vimeo.com/133506632)

Figure \(\PageIndex{11}\): Gender equality, woman using laptop and human in background on laptop. (CC BY-NC-SA; Flickr)

one. self-reliant 2. yielding three. helpful 4. defends own beliefs 5. cheerful 6. moody 7. contained 8. shy 9. conscientious 10. athletic 11. affectionate 12. theatrical 13. assertive 14. flatterable 15. happy 16. strong personality 17. loyal 18. unpredictable nineteen. forceful xx. feminine

21. reliable 22. analytical 23. sympathetic 24. jealous 25. leadership ability 26. sensitive to other'due south needs 27. truthful 28. willing to take risks 29. agreement 30. secretive 31. makes decisions easily 32. compassionate 33. sincere 34. self-sufficient 35. eager to soothe injure feelings 36. conceited 37. dominant 38. soft-spoken 39. likable xl. masculine

41. warm 42. solemn 43. willing to have a stand up 44. tender 45. friendly 46. aggressive 47. gullible 48. inefficient 49. act as leader fifty. artless 51. adaptable 52. individualistic 53. does not apply harsh linguistic communication 54. unsystematic 55. competitive 56. loves children 57. tactful 58. aggressive 59. gentle 60. conventional

Stratification and Sexual Orientation

Figure \(\PageIndex{12}\): Emotional expression of sexual identity. Two men smile, head to head, nose to nose. (CC BY-NC-SA; Pexels)

Stratification past Age and Disability

Figure \(\PageIndex{13}\): Woman in Black Dress Continuing on Sidewalk, Wearing Blackness Mask During COVID-19 Pandemic. (CC BY-NC-SA; Pexels)

Intersectionality

While it is useful to consider how the written report into each of the above (race, social grade, gender, sexuality, inability, age) can provide a distinct understanding of our guild and social stratification, there may exist a meliorate manner to understand these categories and the structures they inhabit: utilise of an intersectional lens.

Figure \(\PageIndex{14}\): Ven diagram of Intersectionalty. (Diagram created by Jakobi Oware)

Figure \(\PageIndex{fifteen}\): Black Adult female in Discussion with her Colleagues. (CC Past-NC-SA; Pexels)

Figure \(\PageIndex{16}\): Median Income by Race-Ethnicity and Gender (2016). AAPI Men Medium Income: $64,622; White Male Medium Income: $sixty,508; AAPI Women Medium Income: $50,304; White Women Medium Income: $45,371; Black Men Medium Income: $42,209; AI/AN Men and Blackness Women Medium Income $36,925; Latinos Medium Income $36,465; AI/AN Women Income: $32,121; and Latinas Medium Income: $31,810. (Chart created by Jonas Oware with information from the U.S. Demography Bureau / U.S. Census Agency)

Figure \(\PageIndex{17}\): Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez elected to Congress during the 2018 Blue Wave. (CC BY-NC-SA; Flickr)

Thin

Thinking Sociologically

How does intersectionality enhance our understanding of race and ethnicity? What types of social problems may be better understood past using an intersectional lens?

Key Takeaways

• The study of social stratification, or the unequal distribution of resources provides another lens in how to meliorate understand race and ethnic relations.
• Gild is stratified by race, social grade, gender, sexuality, disability and age.
• An intersectional lens informs us that we cannot separate the effects of race, social class, gender, sexual orientation, age, and inability, every bit these can rather be understood in their complication and thus their intersection.

Contributors and Attributions

Works Cited

millergamention.blogspot.com

Source: https://socialsci.libretexts.org/Courses/Long_Beach_City_College/Race_and_Ethnic_Relations_in_the_U.S.%3A_An_Intersectional_Approach/01%3A_Introduction_to_Race_and_Ethnic_Relations/1.05%3A_Social_Stratification_and_Intersectionality

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